Solaris

Useful links

You will find the official guides for system administrators here
Freeware for Solaris : here

File equivalences between Linux and Solaris

Linux	Solaris
/var/log/messages	/var/adm/messages
/etc/exports	/etc/dfs/dfstab
/etc/fstab	/etc/vfstab

Useful commands

If you want to untar an archive that has been created under Linux, use the gtar command instead of /usr/sbin/tar. Example :

  /usr/sfw/bin/gtar xvf myarchive.tar

The default tail command, which is in fact /usr/bin/tail, has not the same syntax than the one from Linux. For example :

  tail -100lf /var/nfs/nfslog

 will print the last 100 lines if the file /var/nfs/nfslog.

About process monitoring tools :
- Use ps -ef instead of ps aux
- Use prstat -a instead of top

Network tools : tcpdump does not exist --> use snoop instead. Example (NFS monitoring) :

  snoop | grep -i nfs
     or better:
  snoop  port 2049

to make the nfs more verbose, refer to this blog post: http://www.eall.com.br/blog/?p=125
If you want to make a backup with cp, the command cp -a doesn't exist under Solaris. The equivalent is :

  cp -r -p -P

NFS

Automatic file-system sharing

Each shared file-system has an entry in /etc/dfs/dfstab. The syntax for this entry is :

  share [-F nfs] [-o specific-options] [-d description] pathname

 (See the dfstab(4) and share_nfs(4) man pages)

2. To apply the changes in /etc/dfs/dfstab :

  shareall

3. Check that all is ok :

  share

Enable NFS server logging

In the file /etc/nfs/nfslog.conf, you will find the "global" tag, which defines the default settings to apply to all shared file-system. It should be like this :

  global  defaultdir=/var/nfs \
        log=nfslog fhtable=fhtable buffer=nfslog_workbuffer

2. You can now edit /etc/dfs/dfstab, adding the option log=tag for the shares you want to log. Example :

  share -F nfs -o ro,log=global /export/ftp

3. Apply the changes and verify :

  shareall
  share

4. Check if the NFS log daemon nfslogd is running :

  ps -ef | grep nfslogd

5. (Optional) Start nfslogd if it is not already running :
 - If /etc/nfs/nfslogtab is present, start the log daemon with :

    svcadm restart network/nfs/server:default

 - If /etc/nfs/nfslogtab is not present, run any of the share command to create the file and then start the log daemon. For example :

    shareall
    svcadm restart network/nfs/server:default

6. You can find the log files in

/var/nfs/

Mounting an external nfs mount on jefke

mount -o vers=3 m7.iihe.ac.be:/var/swmgrs /m7mount/

Apparently, mounts across linux machines do work. Not so with Solaris.

Mounting an NFS export from jefke

It is advised to disable ACL (noacl) and a few other options for better performances. Example :

mount -t nfs -o noacl,noatime,nodiratime,rsize=32768,wsize=32768 jefke.wn.iihe.ac.be:/storage/user /mnt/jefke_user

Avoiding root squashing

Root squashing is the default behaviour for NFS shares in Solaris. It means that trying to access as root on a Solaris share will result in a no-access because root is mapped to nobody account on the Solaris side. This may be very annoying when doing some administration tasks. One solution is to allow no_root_squash from a particular machine on which users has no access. Here is an example of such a share allowing no root squash from host fs.wn.iihe.ac.be :

share -F nfs -o rw,root=fs.wn.iihe.ac.be /storage/localgrid

You can also specify a list of hosts separated by semicolons.

Status of the disk pool

Check the status of the disk pool

zpool status -x

ZFS Snapshot

Make a snapshot

Here the zfs Filesystem is storage/sandbox the snapshot is tag 080610 (Could be a name such as e.g. tuesday)

zfs snapshot storage/sandbox@080610

Control the size it takes with:

zfs list -o space

-bash-3.00# zfs list -o space
NAME                       AVAIL   USED  USEDSNAP  USEDDS  USEDREFRESERV  USEDCHILD
rpool                      1.77T  12.3G         0     34K              0      12.3G
rpool/ROOT                 1.77T  8.28G         0     21K              0      8.28G
rpool/ROOT/s10x_u8wos_08a  1.77T  8.28G         0   8.28G              0          0
rpool/dump                 1.77T  2.00G         0   2.00G              0          0
rpool/export               1.77T    44K         0     23K              0        21K
rpool/export/home          1.77T    21K         0     21K              0          0
rpool/swap                 1.77T     2G         0     16K          2.00G          0
storage                    63.5T   361G         0   44.7K              0       361G
storage/localgrid           500G  37.6K         0   37.6K              0          0
storage/sandbox             336G   164G     4.58G    159G              0          0
storage/sandbox@070610         -  4.56G         -       -              -          -
storage/sandbox@080610         -  19.5M         -       -              -          -
storage/swmgrs              317G   183G         0    183G              0          0
storage/swmgrs@080610          -      0         -       -              -          -
storage/user               60.0T  13.4G         0   13.4G              0          0

Restore a snapshot

Use the rollback option:

zfs rollback -r storage/sandbox@080610

Notice the -r argument will destroy earlier snapshots

List snapshots

zfs list -r -t snapshot -o name,creation storage/sandbox

Destroy snapshots

zfs destroy storage/swmgrs@090610

Create a clone

zfs clone storage/sandbox@080610 storage/sandbox-clone
zfs set quota=500G storage/sandbox-clone

ZFS Quotas

Set quota for a user under storage/user

zfs set userquota@srugovac=500G storage/user

Show users quotas

zfs userspace storage/user

Show single user quota

zfs get userused@srugovac storage/user

Force Shutdown

to reboot jefke, do: Connect to the ILOM console with ssh:

# ssh ilom-jefke.wn.iihe.ac.be
Password: 

Sun(TM) Integrated Lights Out Manager

Version 3.0.3.36

Copyright 2009 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Use is subject to license terms.

Then you are allowed to type the following commands:

-> stop -f /SYS
Are you sure you want to immediately stop /SYS (y/n)? y
Stopping /SYS immediately


-> start /SYS
Are you sure you want to start /SYS (y/n)? y
Starting /SYS

->

REMARK: in case jefke is not mounted anymore on the UIs you can simply do the following on a UI (this is not the proper place on the twiki to put this info)

service autofs restart

Package management

Determine which package a particular files belongs to

The syntax is :

# /usr/sbin/pkgchk -l -p /absolute/path/todir

You can also simply use the package directory. It is a file containing all the info about files installed from packages :

# grep /absolute/path/todir /var/sadm/install/contents

List the files coming from a particular package

The syntax is :

pkgchk -v <name_of_the_package>

Install a package

The syntax is :

pkgadd -d <path_of_the_package_to_install>

Display detailed info about installed package

The syntax is :

pkginfo -v <pkgid>

Note that pkginfo alone will list all installed packages.

Remove a package

The syntax is :

pkgrm <pkgid>

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Solaris

Contents

Useful links

File equivalences between Linux and Solaris

Useful commands

NFS

Status of the disk pool

ZFS Snapshot

ZFS Quotas

Force Shutdown

Package management

Determine which package a particular files belongs to

List the files coming from a particular package

Install a package

Display detailed info about installed package

Remove a package

Navigation menu

Solaris

Useful links

File equivalences between Linux and Solaris

Useful commands

NFS

Status of the disk pool

ZFS Snapshot

ZFS Quotas

Force Shutdown

Package management

Determine which package a particular files belongs to

List the files coming from a particular package

Install a package

Display detailed info about installed package

Remove a package

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