Maintenance script: Created page with " === Useful links === You will find the official guides for system administrators [http://docs.sun.com/app/docs/coll/47.16 here] Freeware for Solaris : [http://sunfreeware..."

2015-08-26T12:29:04Z

Created page with " === Useful links === *You will find the official guides for system administrators [http://docs.sun.com/app/docs/coll/47.16 here] *Freeware for Solaris : [http://sunfreeware..."

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=== Useful links ===
*You will find the official guides for system administrators [http://docs.sun.com/app/docs/coll/47.16 here]
*Freeware for Solaris : [http://sunfreeware.com/indexintel10.html here]

=== File equivalences between Linux and Solaris ===
{| border=1 class="simple"
!Linux
! Solaris
|-
| /var/log/messages
| /var/adm/messages
|-
| /etc/exports
| /etc/dfs/dfstab
|-
| /etc/fstab
| /etc/vfstab
|}

=== Useful commands ===
*If you want to untar an archive that has been created under Linux, use the gtar command instead of /usr/sbin/tar. Example :
<pre>
/usr/sfw/bin/gtar xvf myarchive.tar
</pre>
*The default ''tail'' command, which is in fact /usr/bin/tail, has not the same syntax than the one from Linux. For example :
<pre>
tail -100lf /var/nfs/nfslog
</pre>
will print the last 100 lines if the file /var/nfs/nfslog.

*About process monitoring tools :
**Use ''ps -ef'' instead of ''ps aux''
**Use ''prstat -a'' instead of ''top''

*Network tools : ''tcpdump'' does not exist --> use ''snoop'' instead. Example (NFS monitoring) :
<pre>
snoop | grep -i nfs
or better:
snoop port 2049
</pre>
*to make the nfs more verbose, refer to this blog post: http://www.eall.com.br/blog/?p=125
*If you want to make a backup with ''cp'', the command ''cp -a'' doesn't exist under Solaris. The equivalent is :
<pre>
cp -r -p -P
</pre>
=== NFS ===

'''Automatic file-system sharing'''

#Each shared file-system has an entry in /etc/dfs/dfstab. The syntax for this entry is :
<pre>
share [-F nfs] [-o specific-options] [-d description] pathname
</pre>
(See the dfstab(4) and share_nfs(4) man pages)

2. To apply the changes in /etc/dfs/dfstab :
<pre>
shareall
</pre>

3. Check that all is ok :
<pre>
share
</pre>

'''Enable NFS server logging'''
*Link: http://www.eall.com.br/blog/?p=125
*Link: http://docstore.mik.ua/orelly/networking_2ndEd/nfs/ch16_05.htm
*Link: http://www.princeton.edu/~unix/Solaris/troubleshoot/zfs.html

#In the file /etc/nfs/nfslog.conf, you will find the "global" tag, which defines the default settings to apply to all shared file-system. It should be like this :
<pre>
global defaultdir=/var/nfs \
log=nfslog fhtable=fhtable buffer=nfslog_workbuffer
</pre>
2. You can now edit /etc/dfs/dfstab, adding the option log=''tag'' for the shares you want to log. Example :
<pre>
share -F nfs -o ro,log=global /export/ftp
</pre>
3. Apply the changes and verify :
<pre>
shareall
share
</pre>
4. Check if the NFS log daemon nfslogd is running :
<pre>
ps -ef | grep nfslogd
</pre>
5. (Optional) Start nfslogd if it is not already running :
- If /etc/nfs/nfslogtab is present, start the log daemon with :
<pre>
svcadm restart network/nfs/server:default
</pre>
- If /etc/nfs/nfslogtab is not present, run any of the share command to create the file and then start the log daemon. For example :
<pre>
shareall
svcadm restart network/nfs/server:default
</pre>
6. You can find the log files in
<pre>
/var/nfs/
</pre>

'''Mounting an external nfs mount on jefke'''

<pre>
mount -o vers=3 m7.iihe.ac.be:/var/swmgrs /m7mount/
</pre>
Apparently, mounts across linux machines do work. Not so with Solaris.

'''Mounting an NFS export from jefke'''

It is advised to disable ACL (noacl) and a few other options for better performances. Example :
<pre>
mount -t nfs -o noacl,noatime,nodiratime,rsize=32768,wsize=32768 jefke.wn.iihe.ac.be:/storage/user /mnt/jefke_user
</pre>

'''Avoiding root squashing'''

Root squashing is the default behaviour for NFS shares in Solaris. It means that trying to access as root on a Solaris share will result in a no-access because root is mapped to nobody account on the Solaris side. This may be very annoying when doing some administration tasks. One solution is to allow no_root_squash from a particular machine on which users has no access. Here is an example of such a share allowing no root squash from host fs.wn.iihe.ac.be :
<pre>
share -F nfs -o rw,root=fs.wn.iihe.ac.be /storage/localgrid
</pre>
You can also specify a list of hosts separated by semicolons.

=== Status of the disk pool ===

Check the status of the disk pool
<pre>
zpool status -x
</pre>

=== ZFS Snapshot ===

'''Make a snapshot'''

Here the zfs Filesystem is storage/sandbox the snapshot is tag 080610 (Could be a name such as e.g. tuesday)

<pre>
zfs snapshot storage/sandbox@080610
</pre>

Control the size it takes with:

<pre>
zfs list -o space
</pre>

<pre>
-bash-3.00# zfs list -o space
NAME AVAIL USED USEDSNAP USEDDS USEDREFRESERV USEDCHILD
rpool 1.77T 12.3G 0 34K 0 12.3G
rpool/ROOT 1.77T 8.28G 0 21K 0 8.28G
rpool/ROOT/s10x_u8wos_08a 1.77T 8.28G 0 8.28G 0 0
rpool/dump 1.77T 2.00G 0 2.00G 0 0
rpool/export 1.77T 44K 0 23K 0 21K
rpool/export/home 1.77T 21K 0 21K 0 0
rpool/swap 1.77T 2G 0 16K 2.00G 0
storage 63.5T 361G 0 44.7K 0 361G
storage/localgrid 500G 37.6K 0 37.6K 0 0
storage/sandbox 336G 164G 4.58G 159G 0 0
storage/sandbox@070610 - 4.56G - - - -
storage/sandbox@080610 - 19.5M - - - -
storage/swmgrs 317G 183G 0 183G 0 0
storage/swmgrs@080610 - 0 - - - -
storage/user 60.0T 13.4G 0 13.4G 0 0
</pre>

'''Restore a snapshot'''

Use the <tt>rollback</tt> option:

<pre>
zfs rollback -r storage/sandbox@080610
</pre>

Notice the -r argument will destroy earlier snapshots

'''List snapshots'''

<pre>
zfs list -r -t snapshot -o name,creation storage/sandbox
</pre>

'''Destroy snapshots'''

<pre>
zfs destroy storage/swmgrs@090610
</pre>

'''Create a clone'''

<pre>
zfs clone storage/sandbox@080610 storage/sandbox-clone
zfs set quota=500G storage/sandbox-clone
</pre>

=== ZFS Quotas ===

'''Set quota for a user under storage/user'''
<pre>
zfs set userquota@srugovac=500G storage/user
</pre>

'''Show users quotas'''
<pre>
zfs userspace storage/user
</pre>

'''Show single user quota'''
<pre>
zfs get userused@srugovac storage/user
</pre>

=== Force Shutdown ===
to reboot jefke, do:
Connect to the ILOM console with ssh:
<pre>
# ssh ilom-jefke.wn.iihe.ac.be
Password:

Sun(TM) Integrated Lights Out Manager

Version 3.0.3.36

Copyright 2009 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Use is subject to license terms.
</pre>

Then you are allowed to type the following commands:

<pre>
-> stop -f /SYS
Are you sure you want to immediately stop /SYS (y/n)? y
Stopping /SYS immediately

-> start /SYS
Are you sure you want to start /SYS (y/n)? y
Starting /SYS

->
</pre>

*'''REMARK:''' in case jefke is not mounted anymore on the UIs you can simply do the following on a UI (this is not the proper place on the twiki to put this info)
<pre>
service autofs restart
</pre>

=== Package management ===
==== Determine which package a particular files belongs to ====
The syntax is :
<pre>
# /usr/sbin/pkgchk -l -p /absolute/path/todir
</pre>
You can also simply use the package directory. It is a file containing all the info about files installed from packages :
<pre>
# grep /absolute/path/todir /var/sadm/install/contents
</pre>
==== List the files coming from a particular package ====
The syntax is :
<pre>
pkgchk -v <name_of_the_package>
</pre>
==== Install a package ====
The syntax is :
<pre>
pkgadd -d <path_of_the_package_to_install>
</pre>
==== Display detailed info about installed package ====
The syntax is :
<pre>
pkginfo -v <pkgid>
</pre>
Note that pkginfo alone will list all installed packages.
==== Remove a package ====
The syntax is :
<pre>
pkgrm <pkgid>
</pre>

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Solaris - Revision history

Maintenance script: Created page with " === Useful links === *You will find the official guides for system administrators [http://docs.sun.com/app/docs/coll/47.16 here] *Freeware for Solaris : [http://sunfreeware..."

Maintenance script: Created page with " === Useful links === You will find the official guides for system administrators [http://docs.sun.com/app/docs/coll/47.16 here] Freeware for Solaris : [http://sunfreeware..."